jpayne@69: """      turtle-example-suite:
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:             tdemo_nim.py
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: Play nim against the computer. The player
jpayne@69: who takes the last stick is the winner.
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: Implements the model-view-controller
jpayne@69: design pattern.
jpayne@69: """
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: import turtle
jpayne@69: import random
jpayne@69: import time
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: SCREENWIDTH = 640
jpayne@69: SCREENHEIGHT = 480
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: MINSTICKS = 7
jpayne@69: MAXSTICKS = 31
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: HUNIT = SCREENHEIGHT // 12
jpayne@69: WUNIT = SCREENWIDTH // ((MAXSTICKS // 5) * 11 + (MAXSTICKS % 5) * 2)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: SCOLOR = (63, 63, 31)
jpayne@69: HCOLOR = (255, 204, 204)
jpayne@69: COLOR = (204, 204, 255)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: def randomrow():
jpayne@69:     return random.randint(MINSTICKS, MAXSTICKS)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: def computerzug(state):
jpayne@69:     xored = state[0] ^ state[1] ^ state[2]
jpayne@69:     if xored == 0:
jpayne@69:         return randommove(state)
jpayne@69:     for z in range(3):
jpayne@69:         s = state[z] ^ xored
jpayne@69:         if s <= state[z]:
jpayne@69:             move = (z, s)
jpayne@69:             return move
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: def randommove(state):
jpayne@69:     m = max(state)
jpayne@69:     while True:
jpayne@69:         z = random.randint(0,2)
jpayne@69:         if state[z] > (m > 1):
jpayne@69:             break
jpayne@69:     rand = random.randint(m > 1, state[z]-1)
jpayne@69:     return z, rand
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: class NimModel(object):
jpayne@69:     def __init__(self, game):
jpayne@69:         self.game = game
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def setup(self):
jpayne@69:         if self.game.state not in [Nim.CREATED, Nim.OVER]:
jpayne@69:             return
jpayne@69:         self.sticks = [randomrow(), randomrow(), randomrow()]
jpayne@69:         self.player = 0
jpayne@69:         self.winner = None
jpayne@69:         self.game.view.setup()
jpayne@69:         self.game.state = Nim.RUNNING
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def move(self, row, col):
jpayne@69:         maxspalte = self.sticks[row]
jpayne@69:         self.sticks[row] = col
jpayne@69:         self.game.view.notify_move(row, col, maxspalte, self.player)
jpayne@69:         if self.game_over():
jpayne@69:             self.game.state = Nim.OVER
jpayne@69:             self.winner = self.player
jpayne@69:             self.game.view.notify_over()
jpayne@69:         elif self.player == 0:
jpayne@69:             self.player = 1
jpayne@69:             row, col = computerzug(self.sticks)
jpayne@69:             self.move(row, col)
jpayne@69:             self.player = 0
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def game_over(self):
jpayne@69:         return self.sticks == [0, 0, 0]
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def notify_move(self, row, col):
jpayne@69:         if self.sticks[row] <= col:
jpayne@69:             return
jpayne@69:         self.move(row, col)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: class Stick(turtle.Turtle):
jpayne@69:     def __init__(self, row, col, game):
jpayne@69:         turtle.Turtle.__init__(self, visible=False)
jpayne@69:         self.row = row
jpayne@69:         self.col = col
jpayne@69:         self.game = game
jpayne@69:         x, y = self.coords(row, col)
jpayne@69:         self.shape("square")
jpayne@69:         self.shapesize(HUNIT/10.0, WUNIT/20.0)
jpayne@69:         self.speed(0)
jpayne@69:         self.pu()
jpayne@69:         self.goto(x,y)
jpayne@69:         self.color("white")
jpayne@69:         self.showturtle()
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def coords(self, row, col):
jpayne@69:         packet, remainder = divmod(col, 5)
jpayne@69:         x = (3 + 11 * packet + 2 * remainder) * WUNIT
jpayne@69:         y = (2 + 3 * row) * HUNIT
jpayne@69:         return x - SCREENWIDTH // 2 + WUNIT // 2, SCREENHEIGHT // 2 - y - HUNIT // 2
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def makemove(self, x, y):
jpayne@69:         if self.game.state != Nim.RUNNING:
jpayne@69:             return
jpayne@69:         self.game.controller.notify_move(self.row, self.col)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: class NimView(object):
jpayne@69:     def __init__(self, game):
jpayne@69:         self.game = game
jpayne@69:         self.screen = game.screen
jpayne@69:         self.model = game.model
jpayne@69:         self.screen.colormode(255)
jpayne@69:         self.screen.tracer(False)
jpayne@69:         self.screen.bgcolor((240, 240, 255))
jpayne@69:         self.writer = turtle.Turtle(visible=False)
jpayne@69:         self.writer.pu()
jpayne@69:         self.writer.speed(0)
jpayne@69:         self.sticks = {}
jpayne@69:         for row in range(3):
jpayne@69:             for col in range(MAXSTICKS):
jpayne@69:                 self.sticks[(row, col)] = Stick(row, col, game)
jpayne@69:         self.display("... a moment please ...")
jpayne@69:         self.screen.tracer(True)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def display(self, msg1, msg2=None):
jpayne@69:         self.screen.tracer(False)
jpayne@69:         self.writer.clear()
jpayne@69:         if msg2 is not None:
jpayne@69:             self.writer.goto(0, - SCREENHEIGHT // 2 + 48)
jpayne@69:             self.writer.pencolor("red")
jpayne@69:             self.writer.write(msg2, align="center", font=("Courier",18,"bold"))
jpayne@69:         self.writer.goto(0, - SCREENHEIGHT // 2 + 20)
jpayne@69:         self.writer.pencolor("black")
jpayne@69:         self.writer.write(msg1, align="center", font=("Courier",14,"bold"))
jpayne@69:         self.screen.tracer(True)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def setup(self):
jpayne@69:         self.screen.tracer(False)
jpayne@69:         for row in range(3):
jpayne@69:             for col in range(self.model.sticks[row]):
jpayne@69:                 self.sticks[(row, col)].color(SCOLOR)
jpayne@69:         for row in range(3):
jpayne@69:             for col in range(self.model.sticks[row], MAXSTICKS):
jpayne@69:                 self.sticks[(row, col)].color("white")
jpayne@69:         self.display("Your turn! Click leftmost stick to remove.")
jpayne@69:         self.screen.tracer(True)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def notify_move(self, row, col, maxspalte, player):
jpayne@69:         if player == 0:
jpayne@69:             farbe = HCOLOR
jpayne@69:             for s in range(col, maxspalte):
jpayne@69:                 self.sticks[(row, s)].color(farbe)
jpayne@69:         else:
jpayne@69:             self.display(" ... thinking ...         ")
jpayne@69:             time.sleep(0.5)
jpayne@69:             self.display(" ... thinking ... aaah ...")
jpayne@69:             farbe = COLOR
jpayne@69:             for s in range(maxspalte-1, col-1, -1):
jpayne@69:                 time.sleep(0.2)
jpayne@69:                 self.sticks[(row, s)].color(farbe)
jpayne@69:             self.display("Your turn! Click leftmost stick to remove.")
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def notify_over(self):
jpayne@69:         if self.game.model.winner == 0:
jpayne@69:             msg2 = "Congrats. You're the winner!!!"
jpayne@69:         else:
jpayne@69:             msg2 = "Sorry, the computer is the winner."
jpayne@69:         self.display("To play again press space bar. To leave press ESC.", msg2)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def clear(self):
jpayne@69:         if self.game.state == Nim.OVER:
jpayne@69:             self.screen.clear()
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: class NimController(object):
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def __init__(self, game):
jpayne@69:         self.game = game
jpayne@69:         self.sticks = game.view.sticks
jpayne@69:         self.BUSY = False
jpayne@69:         for stick in self.sticks.values():
jpayne@69:             stick.onclick(stick.makemove)
jpayne@69:         self.game.screen.onkey(self.game.model.setup, "space")
jpayne@69:         self.game.screen.onkey(self.game.view.clear, "Escape")
jpayne@69:         self.game.view.display("Press space bar to start game")
jpayne@69:         self.game.screen.listen()
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69:     def notify_move(self, row, col):
jpayne@69:         if self.BUSY:
jpayne@69:             return
jpayne@69:         self.BUSY = True
jpayne@69:         self.game.model.notify_move(row, col)
jpayne@69:         self.BUSY = False
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: class Nim(object):
jpayne@69:     CREATED = 0
jpayne@69:     RUNNING = 1
jpayne@69:     OVER = 2
jpayne@69:     def __init__(self, screen):
jpayne@69:         self.state = Nim.CREATED
jpayne@69:         self.screen = screen
jpayne@69:         self.model = NimModel(self)
jpayne@69:         self.view = NimView(self)
jpayne@69:         self.controller = NimController(self)
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: def main():
jpayne@69:     mainscreen = turtle.Screen()
jpayne@69:     mainscreen.mode("standard")
jpayne@69:     mainscreen.setup(SCREENWIDTH, SCREENHEIGHT)
jpayne@69:     nim = Nim(mainscreen)
jpayne@69:     return "EVENTLOOP"
jpayne@69: 
jpayne@69: if __name__ == "__main__":
jpayne@69:     main()
jpayne@69:     turtle.mainloop()