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author jpayne
date Tue, 18 Mar 2025 16:23:26 -0400
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jpayne@68 1 .TH PYTHON "1"
jpayne@68 2
jpayne@68 3 .\" To view this file while editing, run it through groff:
jpayne@68 4 .\" groff -Tascii -man python.man | less
jpayne@68 5
jpayne@68 6 .SH NAME
jpayne@68 7 python \- an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
jpayne@68 8 .SH SYNOPSIS
jpayne@68 9 .B python
jpayne@68 10 [
jpayne@68 11 .B \-B
jpayne@68 12 ]
jpayne@68 13 [
jpayne@68 14 .B \-b
jpayne@68 15 ]
jpayne@68 16 [
jpayne@68 17 .B \-d
jpayne@68 18 ]
jpayne@68 19 [
jpayne@68 20 .B \-E
jpayne@68 21 ]
jpayne@68 22 [
jpayne@68 23 .B \-h
jpayne@68 24 ]
jpayne@68 25 [
jpayne@68 26 .B \-i
jpayne@68 27 ]
jpayne@68 28 [
jpayne@68 29 .B \-I
jpayne@68 30 ]
jpayne@68 31 .br
jpayne@68 32 [
jpayne@68 33 .B \-m
jpayne@68 34 .I module-name
jpayne@68 35 ]
jpayne@68 36 [
jpayne@68 37 .B \-q
jpayne@68 38 ]
jpayne@68 39 [
jpayne@68 40 .B \-O
jpayne@68 41 ]
jpayne@68 42 [
jpayne@68 43 .B \-OO
jpayne@68 44 ]
jpayne@68 45 [
jpayne@68 46 .B \-s
jpayne@68 47 ]
jpayne@68 48 [
jpayne@68 49 .B \-S
jpayne@68 50 ]
jpayne@68 51 [
jpayne@68 52 .B \-u
jpayne@68 53 ]
jpayne@68 54 .br
jpayne@68 55 [
jpayne@68 56 .B \-v
jpayne@68 57 ]
jpayne@68 58 [
jpayne@68 59 .B \-V
jpayne@68 60 ]
jpayne@68 61 [
jpayne@68 62 .B \-W
jpayne@68 63 .I argument
jpayne@68 64 ]
jpayne@68 65 [
jpayne@68 66 .B \-x
jpayne@68 67 ]
jpayne@68 68 [
jpayne@68 69 [
jpayne@68 70 .B \-X
jpayne@68 71 .I option
jpayne@68 72 ]
jpayne@68 73 .B \-?
jpayne@68 74 ]
jpayne@68 75 .br
jpayne@68 76 [
jpayne@68 77 .B \--check-hash-based-pycs
jpayne@68 78 .I default
jpayne@68 79 |
jpayne@68 80 .I always
jpayne@68 81 |
jpayne@68 82 .I never
jpayne@68 83 ]
jpayne@68 84 .br
jpayne@68 85 [
jpayne@68 86 .B \-c
jpayne@68 87 .I command
jpayne@68 88 |
jpayne@68 89 .I script
jpayne@68 90 |
jpayne@68 91 \-
jpayne@68 92 ]
jpayne@68 93 [
jpayne@68 94 .I arguments
jpayne@68 95 ]
jpayne@68 96 .SH DESCRIPTION
jpayne@68 97 Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming
jpayne@68 98 language that combines remarkable power with very clear syntax.
jpayne@68 99 For an introduction to programming in Python, see the Python Tutorial.
jpayne@68 100 The Python Library Reference documents built-in and standard types,
jpayne@68 101 constants, functions and modules.
jpayne@68 102 Finally, the Python Reference Manual describes the syntax and
jpayne@68 103 semantics of the core language in (perhaps too) much detail.
jpayne@68 104 (These documents may be located via the
jpayne@68 105 .B "INTERNET RESOURCES"
jpayne@68 106 below; they may be installed on your system as well.)
jpayne@68 107 .PP
jpayne@68 108 Python's basic power can be extended with your own modules written in
jpayne@68 109 C or C++.
jpayne@68 110 On most systems such modules may be dynamically loaded.
jpayne@68 111 Python is also adaptable as an extension language for existing
jpayne@68 112 applications.
jpayne@68 113 See the internal documentation for hints.
jpayne@68 114 .PP
jpayne@68 115 Documentation for installed Python modules and packages can be
jpayne@68 116 viewed by running the
jpayne@68 117 .B pydoc
jpayne@68 118 program.
jpayne@68 119 .SH COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
jpayne@68 120 .TP
jpayne@68 121 .B \-B
jpayne@68 122 Don't write
jpayne@68 123 .I .pyc
jpayne@68 124 files on import. See also PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE.
jpayne@68 125 .TP
jpayne@68 126 .B \-b
jpayne@68 127 Issue warnings about str(bytes_instance), str(bytearray_instance)
jpayne@68 128 and comparing bytes/bytearray with str. (-bb: issue errors)
jpayne@68 129 .TP
jpayne@68 130 .BI "\-c " command
jpayne@68 131 Specify the command to execute (see next section).
jpayne@68 132 This terminates the option list (following options are passed as
jpayne@68 133 arguments to the command).
jpayne@68 134 .TP
jpayne@68 135 .BI "\-\-check-hash-based-pycs " mode
jpayne@68 136 Configure how Python evaluates the up-to-dateness of hash-based .pyc files.
jpayne@68 137 .TP
jpayne@68 138 .B \-d
jpayne@68 139 Turn on parser debugging output (for expert only, depending on
jpayne@68 140 compilation options).
jpayne@68 141 .TP
jpayne@68 142 .B \-E
jpayne@68 143 Ignore environment variables like PYTHONPATH and PYTHONHOME that modify
jpayne@68 144 the behavior of the interpreter.
jpayne@68 145 .TP
jpayne@68 146 .B \-h ", " \-? ", "\-\-help
jpayne@68 147 Prints the usage for the interpreter executable and exits.
jpayne@68 148 .TP
jpayne@68 149 .B \-i
jpayne@68 150 When a script is passed as first argument or the \fB\-c\fP option is
jpayne@68 151 used, enter interactive mode after executing the script or the
jpayne@68 152 command. It does not read the $PYTHONSTARTUP file. This can be
jpayne@68 153 useful to inspect global variables or a stack trace when a script
jpayne@68 154 raises an exception.
jpayne@68 155 .TP
jpayne@68 156 .B \-I
jpayne@68 157 Run Python in isolated mode. This also implies \fB\-E\fP and \fB\-s\fP. In
jpayne@68 158 isolated mode sys.path contains neither the script's directory nor the user's
jpayne@68 159 site-packages directory. All PYTHON* environment variables are ignored, too.
jpayne@68 160 Further restrictions may be imposed to prevent the user from injecting
jpayne@68 161 malicious code.
jpayne@68 162 .TP
jpayne@68 163 .BI "\-m " module-name
jpayne@68 164 Searches
jpayne@68 165 .I sys.path
jpayne@68 166 for the named module and runs the corresponding
jpayne@68 167 .I .py
jpayne@68 168 file as a script.
jpayne@68 169 .TP
jpayne@68 170 .B \-O
jpayne@68 171 Remove assert statements and any code conditional on the value of
jpayne@68 172 __debug__; augment the filename for compiled (bytecode) files by
jpayne@68 173 adding .opt-1 before the .pyc extension.
jpayne@68 174 .TP
jpayne@68 175 .B \-OO
jpayne@68 176 Do \fB-O\fP and also discard docstrings; change the filename for
jpayne@68 177 compiled (bytecode) files by adding .opt-2 before the .pyc extension.
jpayne@68 178 .TP
jpayne@68 179 .B \-q
jpayne@68 180 Do not print the version and copyright messages. These messages are
jpayne@68 181 also suppressed in non-interactive mode.
jpayne@68 182 .TP
jpayne@68 183 .B \-s
jpayne@68 184 Don't add user site directory to sys.path.
jpayne@68 185 .TP
jpayne@68 186 .B \-S
jpayne@68 187 Disable the import of the module
jpayne@68 188 .I site
jpayne@68 189 and the site-dependent manipulations of
jpayne@68 190 .I sys.path
jpayne@68 191 that it entails. Also disable these manipulations if
jpayne@68 192 .I site
jpayne@68 193 is explicitly imported later.
jpayne@68 194 .TP
jpayne@68 195 .B \-u
jpayne@68 196 Force the stdout and stderr streams to be unbuffered.
jpayne@68 197 This option has no effect on the stdin stream.
jpayne@68 198 .TP
jpayne@68 199 .B \-v
jpayne@68 200 Print a message each time a module is initialized, showing the place
jpayne@68 201 (filename or built-in module) from which it is loaded. When given
jpayne@68 202 twice, print a message for each file that is checked for when
jpayne@68 203 searching for a module. Also provides information on module cleanup
jpayne@68 204 at exit.
jpayne@68 205 .TP
jpayne@68 206 .B \-V ", " \-\-version
jpayne@68 207 Prints the Python version number of the executable and exits. When given
jpayne@68 208 twice, print more information about the build.
jpayne@68 209 .TP
jpayne@68 210 .BI "\-W " argument
jpayne@68 211 Warning control. Python sometimes prints warning message to
jpayne@68 212 .IR sys.stderr .
jpayne@68 213 A typical warning message has the following form:
jpayne@68 214 .IB file ":" line ": " category ": " message.
jpayne@68 215 By default, each warning is printed once for each source line where it
jpayne@68 216 occurs. This option controls how often warnings are printed.
jpayne@68 217 Multiple
jpayne@68 218 .B \-W
jpayne@68 219 options may be given; when a warning matches more than one
jpayne@68 220 option, the action for the last matching option is performed.
jpayne@68 221 Invalid
jpayne@68 222 .B \-W
jpayne@68 223 options are ignored (a warning message is printed about invalid
jpayne@68 224 options when the first warning is issued). Warnings can also be
jpayne@68 225 controlled from within a Python program using the
jpayne@68 226 .I warnings
jpayne@68 227 module.
jpayne@68 228
jpayne@68 229 The simplest form of
jpayne@68 230 .I argument
jpayne@68 231 is one of the following
jpayne@68 232 .I action
jpayne@68 233 strings (or a unique abbreviation):
jpayne@68 234 .B ignore
jpayne@68 235 to ignore all warnings;
jpayne@68 236 .B default
jpayne@68 237 to explicitly request the default behavior (printing each warning once
jpayne@68 238 per source line);
jpayne@68 239 .B all
jpayne@68 240 to print a warning each time it occurs (this may generate many
jpayne@68 241 messages if a warning is triggered repeatedly for the same source
jpayne@68 242 line, such as inside a loop);
jpayne@68 243 .B module
jpayne@68 244 to print each warning only the first time it occurs in each
jpayne@68 245 module;
jpayne@68 246 .B once
jpayne@68 247 to print each warning only the first time it occurs in the program; or
jpayne@68 248 .B error
jpayne@68 249 to raise an exception instead of printing a warning message.
jpayne@68 250
jpayne@68 251 The full form of
jpayne@68 252 .I argument
jpayne@68 253 is
jpayne@68 254 .IB action : message : category : module : line.
jpayne@68 255 Here,
jpayne@68 256 .I action
jpayne@68 257 is as explained above but only applies to messages that match the
jpayne@68 258 remaining fields. Empty fields match all values; trailing empty
jpayne@68 259 fields may be omitted. The
jpayne@68 260 .I message
jpayne@68 261 field matches the start of the warning message printed; this match is
jpayne@68 262 case-insensitive. The
jpayne@68 263 .I category
jpayne@68 264 field matches the warning category. This must be a class name; the
jpayne@68 265 match test whether the actual warning category of the message is a
jpayne@68 266 subclass of the specified warning category. The full class name must
jpayne@68 267 be given. The
jpayne@68 268 .I module
jpayne@68 269 field matches the (fully-qualified) module name; this match is
jpayne@68 270 case-sensitive. The
jpayne@68 271 .I line
jpayne@68 272 field matches the line number, where zero matches all line numbers and
jpayne@68 273 is thus equivalent to an omitted line number.
jpayne@68 274 .TP
jpayne@68 275 .BI "\-X " option
jpayne@68 276 Set implementation specific option.
jpayne@68 277 .TP
jpayne@68 278 .B \-x
jpayne@68 279 Skip the first line of the source. This is intended for a DOS
jpayne@68 280 specific hack only. Warning: the line numbers in error messages will
jpayne@68 281 be off by one!
jpayne@68 282 .SH INTERPRETER INTERFACE
jpayne@68 283 The interpreter interface resembles that of the UNIX shell: when
jpayne@68 284 called with standard input connected to a tty device, it prompts for
jpayne@68 285 commands and executes them until an EOF is read; when called with a
jpayne@68 286 file name argument or with a file as standard input, it reads and
jpayne@68 287 executes a
jpayne@68 288 .I script
jpayne@68 289 from that file;
jpayne@68 290 when called with
jpayne@68 291 .B \-c
jpayne@68 292 .IR command ,
jpayne@68 293 it executes the Python statement(s) given as
jpayne@68 294 .IR command .
jpayne@68 295 Here
jpayne@68 296 .I command
jpayne@68 297 may contain multiple statements separated by newlines.
jpayne@68 298 Leading whitespace is significant in Python statements!
jpayne@68 299 In non-interactive mode, the entire input is parsed before it is
jpayne@68 300 executed.
jpayne@68 301 .PP
jpayne@68 302 If available, the script name and additional arguments thereafter are
jpayne@68 303 passed to the script in the Python variable
jpayne@68 304 .IR sys.argv ,
jpayne@68 305 which is a list of strings (you must first
jpayne@68 306 .I import sys
jpayne@68 307 to be able to access it).
jpayne@68 308 If no script name is given,
jpayne@68 309 .I sys.argv[0]
jpayne@68 310 is an empty string; if
jpayne@68 311 .B \-c
jpayne@68 312 is used,
jpayne@68 313 .I sys.argv[0]
jpayne@68 314 contains the string
jpayne@68 315 .I '-c'.
jpayne@68 316 Note that options interpreted by the Python interpreter itself
jpayne@68 317 are not placed in
jpayne@68 318 .IR sys.argv .
jpayne@68 319 .PP
jpayne@68 320 In interactive mode, the primary prompt is `>>>'; the second prompt
jpayne@68 321 (which appears when a command is not complete) is `...'.
jpayne@68 322 The prompts can be changed by assignment to
jpayne@68 323 .I sys.ps1
jpayne@68 324 or
jpayne@68 325 .IR sys.ps2 .
jpayne@68 326 The interpreter quits when it reads an EOF at a prompt.
jpayne@68 327 When an unhandled exception occurs, a stack trace is printed and
jpayne@68 328 control returns to the primary prompt; in non-interactive mode, the
jpayne@68 329 interpreter exits after printing the stack trace.
jpayne@68 330 The interrupt signal raises the
jpayne@68 331 .I Keyboard\%Interrupt
jpayne@68 332 exception; other UNIX signals are not caught (except that SIGPIPE is
jpayne@68 333 sometimes ignored, in favor of the
jpayne@68 334 .I IOError
jpayne@68 335 exception). Error messages are written to stderr.
jpayne@68 336 .SH FILES AND DIRECTORIES
jpayne@68 337 These are subject to difference depending on local installation
jpayne@68 338 conventions; ${prefix} and ${exec_prefix} are installation-dependent
jpayne@68 339 and should be interpreted as for GNU software; they may be the same.
jpayne@68 340 The default for both is \fI/usr/local\fP.
jpayne@68 341 .IP \fI${exec_prefix}/bin/python\fP
jpayne@68 342 Recommended location of the interpreter.
jpayne@68 343 .PP
jpayne@68 344 .I ${prefix}/lib/python<version>
jpayne@68 345 .br
jpayne@68 346 .I ${exec_prefix}/lib/python<version>
jpayne@68 347 .RS
jpayne@68 348 Recommended locations of the directories containing the standard
jpayne@68 349 modules.
jpayne@68 350 .RE
jpayne@68 351 .PP
jpayne@68 352 .I ${prefix}/include/python<version>
jpayne@68 353 .br
jpayne@68 354 .I ${exec_prefix}/include/python<version>
jpayne@68 355 .RS
jpayne@68 356 Recommended locations of the directories containing the include files
jpayne@68 357 needed for developing Python extensions and embedding the
jpayne@68 358 interpreter.
jpayne@68 359 .RE
jpayne@68 360 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
jpayne@68 361 .IP PYTHONHOME
jpayne@68 362 Change the location of the standard Python libraries. By default, the
jpayne@68 363 libraries are searched in ${prefix}/lib/python<version> and
jpayne@68 364 ${exec_prefix}/lib/python<version>, where ${prefix} and ${exec_prefix}
jpayne@68 365 are installation-dependent directories, both defaulting to
jpayne@68 366 \fI/usr/local\fP. When $PYTHONHOME is set to a single directory, its value
jpayne@68 367 replaces both ${prefix} and ${exec_prefix}. To specify different values
jpayne@68 368 for these, set $PYTHONHOME to ${prefix}:${exec_prefix}.
jpayne@68 369 .IP PYTHONPATH
jpayne@68 370 Augments the default search path for module files.
jpayne@68 371 The format is the same as the shell's $PATH: one or more directory
jpayne@68 372 pathnames separated by colons.
jpayne@68 373 Non-existent directories are silently ignored.
jpayne@68 374 The default search path is installation dependent, but generally
jpayne@68 375 begins with ${prefix}/lib/python<version> (see PYTHONHOME above).
jpayne@68 376 The default search path is always appended to $PYTHONPATH.
jpayne@68 377 If a script argument is given, the directory containing the script is
jpayne@68 378 inserted in the path in front of $PYTHONPATH.
jpayne@68 379 The search path can be manipulated from within a Python program as the
jpayne@68 380 variable
jpayne@68 381 .IR sys.path .
jpayne@68 382 .IP PYTHONSTARTUP
jpayne@68 383 If this is the name of a readable file, the Python commands in that
jpayne@68 384 file are executed before the first prompt is displayed in interactive
jpayne@68 385 mode.
jpayne@68 386 The file is executed in the same name space where interactive commands
jpayne@68 387 are executed so that objects defined or imported in it can be used
jpayne@68 388 without qualification in the interactive session.
jpayne@68 389 You can also change the prompts
jpayne@68 390 .I sys.ps1
jpayne@68 391 and
jpayne@68 392 .I sys.ps2
jpayne@68 393 in this file.
jpayne@68 394 .IP PYTHONOPTIMIZE
jpayne@68 395 If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
jpayne@68 396 the \fB\-O\fP option. If set to an integer, it is equivalent to
jpayne@68 397 specifying \fB\-O\fP multiple times.
jpayne@68 398 .IP PYTHONDEBUG
jpayne@68 399 If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
jpayne@68 400 the \fB\-d\fP option. If set to an integer, it is equivalent to
jpayne@68 401 specifying \fB\-d\fP multiple times.
jpayne@68 402 .IP PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE
jpayne@68 403 If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
jpayne@68 404 the \fB\-B\fP option (don't try to write
jpayne@68 405 .I .pyc
jpayne@68 406 files).
jpayne@68 407 .IP PYTHONINSPECT
jpayne@68 408 If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
jpayne@68 409 the \fB\-i\fP option.
jpayne@68 410 .IP PYTHONIOENCODING
jpayne@68 411 If this is set before running the interpreter, it overrides the encoding used
jpayne@68 412 for stdin/stdout/stderr, in the syntax
jpayne@68 413 .IB encodingname ":" errorhandler
jpayne@68 414 The
jpayne@68 415 .IB errorhandler
jpayne@68 416 part is optional and has the same meaning as in str.encode. For stderr, the
jpayne@68 417 .IB errorhandler
jpayne@68 418 part is ignored; the handler will always be \'backslashreplace\'.
jpayne@68 419 .IP PYTHONNOUSERSITE
jpayne@68 420 If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying the
jpayne@68 421 \fB\-s\fP option (Don't add the user site directory to sys.path).
jpayne@68 422 .IP PYTHONUNBUFFERED
jpayne@68 423 If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
jpayne@68 424 the \fB\-u\fP option.
jpayne@68 425 .IP PYTHONVERBOSE
jpayne@68 426 If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
jpayne@68 427 the \fB\-v\fP option. If set to an integer, it is equivalent to
jpayne@68 428 specifying \fB\-v\fP multiple times.
jpayne@68 429 .IP PYTHONWARNINGS
jpayne@68 430 If this is set to a comma-separated string it is equivalent to
jpayne@68 431 specifying the \fB\-W\fP option for each separate value.
jpayne@68 432 .IP PYTHONHASHSEED
jpayne@68 433 If this variable is set to "random", a random value is used to seed the hashes
jpayne@68 434 of str and bytes objects.
jpayne@68 435
jpayne@68 436 If PYTHONHASHSEED is set to an integer value, it is used as a fixed seed for
jpayne@68 437 generating the hash() of the types covered by the hash randomization. Its
jpayne@68 438 purpose is to allow repeatable hashing, such as for selftests for the
jpayne@68 439 interpreter itself, or to allow a cluster of python processes to share hash
jpayne@68 440 values.
jpayne@68 441
jpayne@68 442 The integer must be a decimal number in the range [0,4294967295]. Specifying
jpayne@68 443 the value 0 will disable hash randomization.
jpayne@68 444 .IP PYTHONMALLOC
jpayne@68 445 Set the Python memory allocators and/or install debug hooks. The available
jpayne@68 446 memory allocators are
jpayne@68 447 .IR malloc
jpayne@68 448 and
jpayne@68 449 .IR pymalloc .
jpayne@68 450 The available debug hooks are
jpayne@68 451 .IR debug ,
jpayne@68 452 .IR malloc_debug ,
jpayne@68 453 and
jpayne@68 454 .IR pymalloc_debug .
jpayne@68 455 .IP
jpayne@68 456 When Python is compiled in debug mode, the default is
jpayne@68 457 .IR pymalloc_debug
jpayne@68 458 and the debug hooks are automatically used. Otherwise, the default is
jpayne@68 459 .IR pymalloc .
jpayne@68 460 .IP PYTHONMALLOCSTATS
jpayne@68 461 If set to a non-empty string, Python will print statistics of the pymalloc
jpayne@68 462 memory allocator every time a new pymalloc object arena is created, and on
jpayne@68 463 shutdown.
jpayne@68 464 .IP
jpayne@68 465 This variable is ignored if the
jpayne@68 466 .RB $ PYTHONMALLOC
jpayne@68 467 environment variable is used to force the
jpayne@68 468 .BR malloc (3)
jpayne@68 469 allocator of the C library, or if Python is configured without pymalloc support.
jpayne@68 470 .IP PYTHONASYNCIODEBUG
jpayne@68 471 If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, enable the debug
jpayne@68 472 mode of the asyncio module.
jpayne@68 473 .IP PYTHONTRACEMALLOC
jpayne@68 474 If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, start tracing
jpayne@68 475 Python memory allocations using the tracemalloc module.
jpayne@68 476 .IP
jpayne@68 477 The value of the variable is the maximum number of frames stored in a
jpayne@68 478 traceback of a trace. For example,
jpayne@68 479 .IB PYTHONTRACEMALLOC=1
jpayne@68 480 stores only the most recent frame.
jpayne@68 481 .IP PYTHONFAULTHANDLER
jpayne@68 482 If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string,
jpayne@68 483 .IR faulthandler.enable()
jpayne@68 484 is called at startup: install a handler for SIGSEGV, SIGFPE, SIGABRT, SIGBUS
jpayne@68 485 and SIGILL signals to dump the Python traceback.
jpayne@68 486 .IP
jpayne@68 487 This is equivalent to the \fB-X faulthandler\fP option.
jpayne@68 488 .IP PYTHONEXECUTABLE
jpayne@68 489 If this environment variable is set,
jpayne@68 490 .IB sys.argv[0]
jpayne@68 491 will be set to its value instead of the value got through the C runtime. Only
jpayne@68 492 works on Mac OS X.
jpayne@68 493 .IP PYTHONUSERBASE
jpayne@68 494 Defines the user base directory, which is used to compute the path of the user
jpayne@68 495 .IR site-packages
jpayne@68 496 directory and Distutils installation paths for
jpayne@68 497 .IR "python setup\.py install \-\-user" .
jpayne@68 498 .IP PYTHONPROFILEIMPORTTIME
jpayne@68 499 If this environment variable is set to a non-empty string, Python will
jpayne@68 500 show how long each import takes. This is exactly equivalent to setting
jpayne@68 501 \fB\-X importtime\fP on the command line.
jpayne@68 502 .IP PYTHONBREAKPOINT
jpayne@68 503 If this environment variable is set to 0, it disables the default debugger. It
jpayne@68 504 can be set to the callable of your debugger of choice.
jpayne@68 505 .SS Debug-mode variables
jpayne@68 506 Setting these variables only has an effect in a debug build of Python, that is,
jpayne@68 507 if Python was configured with the
jpayne@68 508 \fB\--with-pydebug\fP build option.
jpayne@68 509 .IP PYTHONTHREADDEBUG
jpayne@68 510 If this environment variable is set, Python will print threading debug info.
jpayne@68 511 .IP PYTHONDUMPREFS
jpayne@68 512 If this environment variable is set, Python will dump objects and reference
jpayne@68 513 counts still alive after shutting down the interpreter.
jpayne@68 514 .SH AUTHOR
jpayne@68 515 The Python Software Foundation: https://www.python.org/psf/
jpayne@68 516 .SH INTERNET RESOURCES
jpayne@68 517 Main website: https://www.python.org/
jpayne@68 518 .br
jpayne@68 519 Documentation: https://docs.python.org/
jpayne@68 520 .br
jpayne@68 521 Developer resources: https://devguide.python.org/
jpayne@68 522 .br
jpayne@68 523 Downloads: https://www.python.org/downloads/
jpayne@68 524 .br
jpayne@68 525 Module repository: https://pypi.org/
jpayne@68 526 .br
jpayne@68 527 Newsgroups: comp.lang.python, comp.lang.python.announce
jpayne@68 528 .SH LICENSING
jpayne@68 529 Python is distributed under an Open Source license. See the file
jpayne@68 530 "LICENSE" in the Python source distribution for information on terms &
jpayne@68 531 conditions for accessing and otherwise using Python and for a
jpayne@68 532 DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.